Complete Guide

How to Buy a House in Japan

For foreign buyers · Updated 2025 · ~25 min read

1. Why Buy a House in Japan?

Japan has an extraordinary opportunity hiding in plain sight. With over 9 million vacant homes nationwide — roughly 14% of all housing — prices in rural areas have collapsed to levels that seem almost unreal by Western standards. Properties that would cost $500,000 in Europe or North America sell for $10,000–$50,000 in Japan's countryside.

Why prices are so low

  • 🏚️ Rural depopulation — young people move to cities, leaving homes empty
  • 📉 Japan's overall population is shrinking (peaked in 2008)
  • 🧱 Old buildings depreciate to zero on paper within 20–30 years
  • 💸 Inheritance tax discourages heirs from keeping rural properties
  • 🔧 High renovation costs make many homes unattractive to Japanese buyers

For foreign buyers, this creates a rare window: buy a traditional Japanese farmhouse, renovate it to your taste, and own a piece of Japan — all for less than a used car in Tokyo.

2. Can Foreigners Buy Property in Japan?

✅ Yes — with almost no restrictions.

Japan has no laws restricting foreign ownership of residential property. You do not need a visa, residency, or even to be present in Japan to buy.

Unlike many countries, Japan welcomes foreign buyers. You can purchase property as a non-resident, non-citizen, from overseas, without a Japanese bank account (though it helps).

What you DO need:

  • A passport (for identity verification)
  • A hanko (personal seal) or signature-based alternative
  • A Japanese bank account or international wire transfer capability
  • A trusted local agent or bilingual representative
Note on agricultural land: Farmland (農地, nōchi) requires special permits under the Agricultural Land Act. Stick to residential or commercial properties — most akiya listings are residential.

3. Types of Properties

🏯

Kominka 古民家

Traditional farmhouses, often 100+ years old. Large, with exposed wood beams, earthen floors, and irori hearths. Cheapest to buy, most expensive to renovate.

Typical price: ¥500k – ¥5M
🏘️

Machiya 町家

Traditional urban townhouses, especially in Kyoto. Long and narrow floor plan. Often in commercial areas. Higher prices than rural kominka.

Typical price: ¥2M – ¥20M
🌾

Nōka 農家

Working farmhouses with land. Often include outbuildings, wells, and rice paddies. Verify land classification before buying.

Typical price: ¥300k – ¥3M
⛰️

Bessō 別荘

Japanese-style vacation homes, often in mountain or resort areas (Hakone, Karuizawa, Niseko). Better condition but significantly higher prices.

Typical price: ¥3M – ¥30M

4. The Buying Process: Step by Step

01

Find a property

Browse akiya banks (municipal listings), this site, or use a licensed real estate agent (宅建業者). Visit the property in person if possible.

02

Hire a bilingual agent or judicial scrivener

A licensed real estate agent (仲介業者) handles the transaction. A judicial scrivener (司法書士) handles registration. Many firms now serve foreign clients.

03

Make an offer and sign a brokerage agreement

In Japan, offers are typically made through the agent. Once accepted, you sign a 媒介契約 (brokerage contract).

04

Receive the Explanation of Important Matters (重要事項説明)

This legally required document explains the property's legal status, any liens, zoning restrictions, and potential defects. Read it carefully — get it translated.

05

Sign the Purchase Agreement (売買契約)

You pay a deposit (手付金) — typically 10% of the purchase price. The contract becomes legally binding at this point.

06

Final payment and transfer

Pay the remaining balance. The judicial scrivener registers the property transfer at the Legal Affairs Bureau (法務局). You receive the official deed.

07

Post-purchase registrations

Register for fixed asset tax (固定資産税), notify the municipality, and set up utilities. If renting out, register as a landlord.

5. What It Really Costs (All-In)

The sticker price is just the beginning. Budget an additional 6–10% of the purchase price for transaction costs, plus renovation.

Cost ItemWho PaysTypical Amount
Purchase priceBuyerThe listed price
Agent commissionBuyer + Seller3% + ¥60,000 + tax (each side)
Registration taxBuyer0.4% – 2% of assessed value
Real estate acquisition taxBuyer3% of assessed value (one-time)
Judicial scrivener feeBuyer¥50,000 – ¥150,000
Stamp dutyBuyer¥10,000 – ¥60,000
Annual fixed asset taxOwner1.4% of assessed value/year
Renovation (kominka)Buyer¥1M – ¥10M+ depending on scope
Real example: A ¥1,500,000 ($10,000) kominka in Nagano will typically cost ¥1,800,000–2,000,000 all-in for the transaction, then ¥2M–5M for basic livability renovations. Total: ~$25,000–$50,000 for a fully usable traditional Japanese home.

6. Finding the Right Property

The hard truth: most akiya are listed in Japanese only, scattered across hundreds of municipal websites, with no central English-language database. That's the problem Akiya Japan solves.

Why Akiya Japan exists

  • We monitor hundreds of municipal akiya banks and translate listings into English — saving you weeks of language-barrier frustration
  • Every listing includes the seller contact details, price history, and municipality notes — so you can act fast when the right property appears
  • New listings are added weekly as we roll through municipalities across Japan — the database grows continuously
  • Subscribe once, search everything. No per-listing fees, no hidden costs — just $7.99/month

Pro tips for property hunting

  • → Visit in person before committing — photos often hide serious issues
  • → Search in autumn/winter when rural properties are easiest to inspect
  • → Ask about the reason for sale — heirs often just want someone to care for the home
  • → Check proximity to train station, hospital, and supermarket for resale value
  • → Look for properties listed 2+ years — more room to negotiate

7. Working with Japanese Real Estate Agents

In Japan, real estate agents must be licensed (宅地建物取引業者). The commission is legally capped at 3% + ¥60,000 + tax for each side (buyer and seller).

How to find a good agent:

  • Search for agents specializing in "foreigner real estate Japan" or "外国人 不動産"
  • Many akiya-focused agents are in regional cities — not Tokyo
  • Ask if they have experience with foreign clients and international wire transfers
  • Confirm they can provide all documents in English (or hire a separate translator)
Buyer beware: Some agents in rural areas are not accustomed to foreign buyers and may decline to work with non-Japanese speakers. Having a Japanese contact or interpreter dramatically increases your options.

8. Due Diligence Checklist

Never skip this. Old Japanese homes can hide serious structural issues.

🏗️ Structural

  • Built before or after 1981 (seismic code)
  • Evidence of termite (シロアリ) damage
  • Roof condition and leak history
  • Foundation type (pillar vs slab)

📋 Legal

  • Clear title with no liens
  • Land boundary disputes
  • Zoning designation (農地 = farmland restrictions)
  • Building coverage ratio limits

🔌 Utilities

  • Sewer connection or septic tank
  • Well water vs municipal water
  • Gas type (city gas vs propane)
  • Internet availability (fiber?)

🌿 Environment

  • Flood zone designation
  • Landslide risk area
  • Distance to active fault lines
  • Snow load capacity (for Tohoku/Niigata)

9. Managing Your Property from Abroad

Many foreign owners rarely visit their Japanese properties. Here's how to handle remote ownership:

Hire a local property manager (管理会社)

Costs ¥5,000–¥20,000/month. They handle maintenance checks, tenant management (if renting), and emergency repairs.

Short-term rental (minpaku)

Register for Airbnb/minpaku under the Minpaku Law (民泊). Requires municipal notification and a local manager. Can cover costs in high-traffic areas.

Set up automatic bill payment

Japanese utilities allow automatic bank transfer (自動引き落とし). A Japanese bank account is needed — open one during your visit.

Tax obligations for non-residents

As a non-resident landlord you must file Japanese income tax if renting out. A tax representative (納税管理人) is legally required for non-residents with income.

10. Visa & Long Stay Options

Owning property in Japan does not give you the right to live there. You still need a valid visa. Options for long-term stays:

Tourist Visa (短期滞在)

Up to 90 days

For most Western countries, no visa required. Can be extended once. Not for working.

Digital Nomad Visa (特定活動)

Up to 6 months

Launched 2024. Requires ¥10M annual income and remote work. Allows accompanying family.

Business Manager Visa (経営・管理)

1–5 years, renewable

For those running a Japanese business. Running a minpaku or property company may qualify.

Spouse of Japanese National

Permanent

Married to a Japanese citizen. Provides unlimited work rights and long-term residency.

11. Common Mistakes (and How to Avoid Them)

⚠️ Underestimating renovation costs

Budget ¥1M per room minimum for a kominka. Get 3 quotes before buying. Factor in asbestos removal if pre-1975.

⚠️ Buying without visiting first

Photos hide rot, smells, and neighborhood issues. Visit at least once, ideally in winter to check insulation.

⚠️ Ignoring the "why is it so cheap?" question

Ask directly. Is it next to a highway? Cemetery? Has it been vacant 10+ years? These affect resale and rentability.

⚠️ Not having a local contact

Renovations, maintenance, and emergencies require someone on the ground. Build this relationship before you close.

⚠️ Buying farmland accidentally

Check the land category in the 重要事項説明. 農地 (nōchi) requires permits to build or renovate.

⚠️ No succession plan

In Japan, property without a clear heir creates legal complications. Have a will or trust that explicitly covers the Japanese property.

Ready to find your property?

Browse our English-language database of akiya properties across Japan.